This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of identity in philosophical, historical, cultural, and social contexts. It examines key scientific approaches to the study of identity in the humanities – history, philosophy, sociology, cultural studies, and psychology. Particular attention is paid to the historical evolution of concepts of identity, the formation of personal and collective identities, and the role of culture, language, and historical memory in self-identification processes. Concepts of identity in the works of classical and modern thinkers are analyzed, including the philosophical tradition of antiquity, the ideas of the modern era, and contemporary theories of social identity. It is shown that identity is a complex, dynamic system of self-determination for the individual and society, shaped by historical, cultural, and social factors. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of identity in the context of globalization and intercultural interaction.
identity; cultural identity; social identity; national identity; philosophy of identity; collective memory; globalization; self-identification.